Chronic sinusitis is a condition where the inflammation of the sinuses or nasal passages persists for more than 12 weeks despite medical treatment. This condition often causes pressure-like facial pain, nasal congestion, and a reduced sense of smell, which can significantly affect an individual’s quality of life. In Singapore, chronic sinusitis is quite common due to the climate, with around 90% of adults experiencing the condition at some point in their lives.
There are several sinusitis treatment options are available. Non-surgical approaches include nasal corticosteroids, saline nasal irrigation, and decongestants. However, when these treatments fail to provide sufficient relief, surgical intervention may become necessary to restore normal sinus function and alleviate symptoms.
When Is Sinus Surgery Needed?
Sinus surgery is often recommended when:
- Chronic sinusitis does not respond well to non-surgical treatments
- Frequent bouts of acute sinusitis adversely affect quality of life
- Nasal polyps, cysts, or tumours block nasal passages
- Sinus infection causes complications like vision problems or severe headaches
- Structural abnormalities restrict sinus drainage (e.g. deviated septum or narrow sinus opening)
What Are the Types of Sinus Surgery?
Some commonly performed sinus surgeries in Singapore include:
Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS)
Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is a minimally invasive procedure where a flexible tube with a camera (endoscope) is inserted into the nose to access the openings of the sinuses without making large external incisions. The surgeon will then pass specialised instruments down the endoscope to widen the openings and remove blockages, such as nasal polyps or scar tissue, for improved sinus drainage.
Balloon Sinuplasty
In balloon sinuplasty, the surgeon threads a guide wire and balloon catheter through the nostril and into the sinus cavity. Once in place, the balloon is gently inflated to widen the obstructed sinus opening. The surgeon will then suction out built-up pus and mucus in the sinus cavity with a saline solution to help improve drainage and ventilation.
Caldwell-Luc Procedure
The Caldwell-Luc procedure is a more invasive approach, primarily reserved for managing complex or severe cases of sinusitis. During the procedure, the surgeon creates an incision in the upper jaw, typically through the mouth, to reach the maxillary sinus and remove infected tissues, polyps, or other obstructions from the sinus cavity.
What Should You Expect During Sinus Surgery Recovery?
In the initial days after surgery, patients typically experience symptoms such as swelling, nasal congestion, and discharge of blood and mucus. This is normal and should subside gradually. Most individuals can resume daily activities within a week or two following the procedure.
As with any surgical procedure, patients should carefully follow all postoperative instructions to ensure a smooth recovery and minimise the risk of complications or recurrences. For the first week, patients are advised to refrain from heavy physical activities like running and weightlifting. They should also avoid blowing their noses to promote proper sinus healing.
Doctors may also prescribe over-the-counter medications to control inflammation and ward off infection. Additionally, using a nasal douche may be recommended to keep the nasal passages moistened regularly and prevent blood from crusting and blocking the sinuses.
Key Takeaway
Though typically not the first line of treatment, sinus surgery can bring lasting relief to those with chronic sinusitis when conservative therapies fail. By adhering to post-operative care instructions, managing the underlying factors, and attending regular follow-up appointments, patients can achieve optimal results and reduce the risk of recurrence.
If you experience chronic sinusitis or other problems that affect your sinus health, consult an ENT specialist to determine if sinus surgery is an appropriate treatment option.
Headed by A/Prof Luke Tan, our clinic offers comprehensive assessments and personalised treatment plans to address various sinus conditions, such as chronic sinusitis. A/Prof Tan specialises in endoscopic sinus surgery, which aims to restore healthy sinuses and clear nasal passages. To schedule an appointment, contact us at 6474 6116 today.
